Introduction Nanomedicine is often associated with cancer therapy or the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Yet researchers are now using nanoparticles to deliver antibiotics, cross the blood–brain barrier, repair damaged tissues, and even improve vaccine design. As nanotechnology matures, its role in medicine is expanding far beyond oncology. What is nanomedicine? A nanometre (nm) is one-billionth of a metre (10⁻⁹ m), or roughly the length of three atoms lined up. To put this into pers

Understanding how the Microbiome can be used in Cancer Treatment The human microbiome comprises a diverse array of microorganisms that can be found in various parts of the body. The presence of these microorganisms is extremely vital in the gut, where they synergistically interact with their host's immune system to maintain health and harmonise the defence system. By carefully interacting with the immune system, the microbiome can modify and improve the innate and adaptive im