“All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison from a remedy.”
- paracelsus
A dose response relationship is the role that determine the hazard of a substance as a poison. as for example: every day minute quantities of cyanide, arsenic, lead, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are exposed to humans everyday either by ingestion, inhalation or skin contamination. but they are insufficient to cause any harmful effect for the human. while if you ingested pure water in numerous quantity, it may lead to a state called "water intoxication".
in this article we will discus some of the house hold toxicants
sodium hypochlorite
this substance is present in disinfictants such as Clorox®, if ingested in small amount it may cause nausea, vomiting, and burning sensation in the mouth, but if its concentration is more than 6% or ingested in larger quantities it may cause Redness, edema, and ulceration may occur in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and esophagus, and in severe cases gastric perforation may occur.
oxalate
Oxalate is naturally found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, grains, legumes, and even chocolate and tea. it causes crystalization in kidney and may cause in sever stages muscle tremors ,tetany, even coma and death.
Na ions
even salt that is necessary in every meal can also be toxic. salt toxicity is an uncommon type of hypernatremia that usually happens following a rapid, large intake of salt within a brief timeframe (minutes/hours). It represents a serious disruption that can lead to considerable neurological damage.
Acids
acids can be found in many products either nature or synsthetic around us such as vinger which contain acetic acid, boric acid which present in some of disinficatnts and sulfuric acid which present in car batteries. treatment includes decontamination if the skin or eyes were exposed to hydrofluoric acid, stomach emptying if acid was ingested, activated charcoal, and sometimes other drugs.
Benzo[a]pyrene
commonly detected in the atmosphere, surface water, soil, and sediment. It can be found in cigarette smoke and is also present in food items, particularly those that are smoked or grilled. This substance is very toxic, and it is a group I carcinogen.
however, Exposure to household products causing poisoning is uncommon nowadays, thanks to legal regulations on the sale of dangerous household items. and as there are household toxicant there are also household antidotes such as milk and water.
stay safe!!
references
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0009912006000907
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099176720300544
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358689/ Assessed and Endorsed by the MedReport Medical Review Board