Janice Chan

Introduction Nutrigenomics is the scientific study of how an individual’s genes influence their response to nutrients, and how nutrients in turn can affect gene expression (2). This emerging field explores the biological relationship between diet and the genome, aiming to explain why people may respond differently to the same foods (2). Traditional dietary guidelines are often designed as universal recommendations (5). However, genetic variation means that individuals metabolize nutrients...

The Reactive Nature of Modern Healthcare Modern healthcare largely intervenes after disease appears. Diagnosis triggers treatment, and medical innovation often focuses on improving therapeutic precision rather than preventing illness altogether. Even within precision medicine, genomic sequencing and biomarker analysis are typically applied once pathology has already emerged. Yet disease rarely begins suddenly. Many chronic conditions develop through gradual molecular and physiological shifts...

Introduction Precision medicine is often associated with cancer care. Advances in tumor sequencing, targeted therapies, and biomarker-guided clinical trials have positioned oncology as the flagship application of this approach, shaping public perception to equate precision medicine exclusively with cancer treatment. However, what if these advancements extend beyond oncology? At its core, precision medicine is about understanding variability in genetics, environment, and lifestyle to improve...